Django settings
I saw a lot of times when newbies in Django have problems in editing Django settings. I hope this post will be useful for them. The post shows example of django settings I use.
First of all, I split settings into few files. Instead of settings.py we will have settings directory contains few settings files and __init__.py.
Files tree:
- myproject
- settings
- __init__.py
- utils.py
- admins.py
- default.py
- db.py
- media.py
- apps.py
- local.py.default
__init__.py:
from .admins import *
from .default import *
from .db import *
from .media import *
from .apps import *
try:
from local import *
except ImportError:
pass
utils.py:
import os.path
SETTINGS_ROOT = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
rel = lambda p: os.path.join(SETTINGS_ROOT, '../..', p)
admins.py:
ADMINS = (
# ('Your Name', 'your_email@example.com'),
)
MANAGERS = ADMINS
default.py:
from .utils import rel
DEBUG = True
TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG
# Hosts/domain names that are valid for this site; required if DEBUG is False
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.5/ref/settings/#allowed-hosts
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
# Local time zone for this installation. Choices can be found here:
# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_zones_by_name
# although not all choices may be available on all operating systems.
# In a Windows environment this must be set to your system time zone.
TIME_ZONE = 'Europe/Moscow'
# Language code for this installation. All choices can be found here:
# http://www.i18nguy.com/unicode/language-identifiers.html
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'ru-ru'
SITE_ID = 1
# If you set this to False, Django will make some optimizations so as not
# to load the internationalization machinery.
USE_I18N = True
# If you set this to False, Django will not format dates, numbers and
# calendars according to the current locale.
USE_L10N = True
# If you set this to False, Django will not use timezone-aware datetimes.
USE_TZ = True
# Make this unique, and don't share it with anybody.
SECRET_KEY = '-u&g%3b$3g=-(#iDD=e7i5q7!0mv71!-enbq6uu8_bf*dz+&YY'
# List of callables that know how to import templates from various sources.
TEMPLATE_LOADERS = (
'django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader',
'django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader',
# 'django.template.loaders.eggs.Loader',
)
TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
rel('myproject/templates'),
# Put strings here, like "/home/html/django_templates" or "C:/www/django/templates".
# Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
# Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
)
SESSION_SERIALIZER = 'django.contrib.sessions.serializers.JSONSerializer'
# A sample logging configuration. The only tangible logging
# performed by this configuration is to send an email to
# the site admins on every HTTP 500 error when DEBUG=False.
# See http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/logging for
# more details on how to customize your logging configuration.
LOGGING = {
'version': 1,
'disable_existing_loggers': False,
'filters': {
'require_debug_false': {
'()': 'django.utils.log.RequireDebugFalse'
}
},
'handlers': {
'mail_admins': {
'level': 'ERROR',
'filters': ['require_debug_false'],
'class': 'django.utils.log.AdminEmailHandler'
}
},
'loggers': {
'django.request': {
'handlers': ['mail_admins'],
'level': 'ERROR',
'propagate': True,
},
}
}
db.py:
from .utils import rel
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', # Add 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'oracle'.
'NAME': rel('db.sqlite3'), # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
# The following settings are not used with sqlite3:
'USER': '',
'PASSWORD': '',
'HOST': '', # Empty for localhost through domain sockets or '127.0.0.1' for localhost through TCP.
'PORT': '', # Set to empty string for default.
}
}
media.py:
from .utils import rel
# Absolute filesystem path to the directory that will hold user-uploaded files.
# Example: "/var/www/example.com/media/"
MEDIA_ROOT = rel('myproject/media/')
# URL that handles the media served from MEDIA_ROOT. Make sure to use a
# trailing slash.
# Examples: "http://example.com/media/", "http://media.example.com/"
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
# Absolute path to the directory static files should be collected to.
# Don't put anything in this directory yourself; store your static files
# in apps' "static/" subdirectories and in STATICFILES_DIRS.
# Example: "/var/www/example.com/static/"
STATIC_ROOT = rel('myproject/media/static/')
# URL prefix for static files.
# Example: "http://example.com/static/", "http://static.example.com/"
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
# Additional locations of static files
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
rel('myproject/static'),
# Put strings here, like "/home/html/static" or "C:/www/django/static".
# Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
# Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
)
# List of finder classes that know how to find static files in
# various locations.
STATICFILES_FINDERS = (
'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder',
'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder',
# 'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.DefaultStorageFinder',
)
MEDIA_URL - url where media files will be available (on production should be in sync with web server config).
MEDIA_ROOT - path to directory where media files will be stored,
STATIC_URL - url where static files will be available (on production should be in sync with web server config).
STATIC_ROOT - path to directory static files will be copied to (on collectstatic management command call, not required while DEBUG == True).
To serve media files without real web server (while development), add next lines to project urls:
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static
if settings.DEBUG:
urlpatterns += static(
settings.MEDIA_URL,
document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)
apps.py:
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware',
# Uncomment the next line for simple clickjacking protection:
# 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
)
ROOT_URLCONF = 'myproject.urls'
# Python dotted path to the WSGI application used by Django's runserver.
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'portfolio.wsgi.application'
INSTALLED_APPS = (
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.sites',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.sitemaps',
'south',
'myproject.apps.myapp',
)
local.py.default:
from .utils import rel
DEBUG = True
TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG
ADMINS = (
# ('Your Name', 'your_email@example.com'),
)
MANAGERS = ADMINS
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', # Add 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'oracle'.
'NAME': rel('db.sqlite3'), # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
# The following settings are not used with sqlite3:
'USER': '',
'PASSWORD': '',
'HOST': '', # Empty for localhost through domain sockets or '127.0.0.1' for localhost through TCP.
'PORT': '', # Set to empty string for default.
}
}
SECRET_KEY = '-u&g%3b$3g=-(#iDD=e7i5q7!0mv71!-enbq6uu8_bf*dz+&YY'
# MEDIA_ROOT = ''
# STATIC_ROOT = ''
local.py should be added to .gitignore.
```
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